What Are the Potential Single-Case Designs?
Rationale for single-case designs
o Critical case in testing a well-formulated theory
o Extreme case or unique case
o Representative or typical case
o Revelatory case
o Longititudinal case
Potential Shortcomings:
Case may later turn out not to be the case it was thought to be which would change the research question.
Holistic versus embedded case study
o More than one unit of analysis occurs when, within a single case, attention is also given to a subunit or subunits
o A typical problem with the holistic design is that the entire case study may be
o conducted at an unduly abstract level, lacking sufficiently clear measures of data
o A further problem with the holistic design is that the entire nature of the case study may shift, unbeknownst to the researchers, during the course of the study.
o An embedded design can serve as an important device for focusing a case study inquiry
An embedded designs, however, also has its pitfalls. A major one occurs when the case study focuses only on the subunit level and fails to return to the larger unit of analysis
What Are the Potential Multiple-Case Designs?
The evidence from multiple cases is often considered more compelling, and the overall study is therefore regarded as being more robust.
Rationale for multiple-case designs-The simplest multiple-case design would be the selection of two or more cases that are believed to be literal replications, such as a set of cases with exemplary outcomes in relation to some evaluations questions, such as “how and why a particular intervention has been implemented smoothly”
Multiple-Case Studies: Holistic or embedded
The difference between these two variants depends upon the type of phenomenon being studied and your research questions in an embedded design, a study even may call for the conduct of a survey at each case study site.
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